Lp(a) — lipoprotein(a) — is a genetically determined lipoprotein particle that is one of the strongest independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Unlike LDL cholesterol, Lp(a) levels are almost entirely determined by genetics and are not significantly affected by diet or lifestyle changes. Despite this, most standard lipid panels never include it.
Elevated Lp(a) is associated with increased risk of heart attack, stroke, and aortic valve disease. Approximately 20% of the global population has elevated Lp(a), but most have never been tested. Because Lp(a) is genetically determined, you only need to test it once to know your baseline level.
Optimal Lp(a) is below 30 nmol/L (or below 14 mg/dL). Levels above 50 nmol/L (or 30 mg/dL) are considered elevated and may warrant additional cardiovascular risk management strategies.
While Lp(a) itself is genetically fixed, understanding your Lp(a) level helps contextualize other modifiable risk factors. If you have elevated Lp(a), managing ApoB, inflammation (hs-CRP), and insulin resistance becomes even more important.
What is Lp(a)?
Lp(a) is a genetically determined lipoprotein particle that is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. It is not affected by diet or lifestyle and is rarely included in standard lipid panels.
How often should Lp(a) be tested?
Because Lp(a) is almost entirely genetically determined, you typically only need to test it once to establish your baseline level.
What does elevated Lp(a) mean?
Elevated Lp(a) (above 50 nmol/L) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk including heart attack, stroke, and aortic valve disease. It affects approximately 20% of the population.